It may lower glutathione, an important antioxidant for brain development
In rats given BPC-157, serotonin levels in the brain increase in specific regions while simultaneously decreasing in other regions, such as the hippocampus.[ref] A 2020 study found that BPC-157 reduced leaky gut syndrome by stabilizing gut permeability after NSAID use.[ref] Reducing leaky gut theoretically can affect the gut-brain axis and reduce inflammation
In dermal fibroblast cultures, GHK-Cu has been shown to stimulate procollagen, glycosaminoglycan, and decorin synthesis, and has been characterized for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in neuronal and macrophage cell models
Rare but serious: allergic reactions
Diagnostic tests, such as stool tests that measure fat content or blood tests that assess enzyme levels, can help confirm the presence of EPI